Fractal algorithms with perlin or simplex noise create the foundation for endless cave networks but proper implementation is crucial. Start with basic noise patterns, then layer additional algorithms for depth variation and tunnel connections. Testing shows best results when noise threshold values stay between 0.3 and 0.7, with smaller values creating tighter passages and larger ones making open chambers. If generating realtime make sure to optimize chunk loading and unloading or youll hit performance issues fast

Memory management becomes critical when extending beyond initial generation zones, so cache distant areas and stream new sections as needed. Games like minecraft demonstrate this well with their latest cave update where 3d noise creates natural-looking formations that stretch basically forever. While nothing's confirmed for upcoming titles yet, similar systems could work assuming proper optimization and clear generation boundaries are set. Something interesting about noise-based generation is you can adjust parameters mid-generation to create distinct biome transitions or difficulty zones without breaking the flow

The real trick is balancing between pure mathematical generation and crafted design rules that make spaces actually fun to explore. Pure noise often needs additional passes to ensure traversability, treasure placement, and proper monster spawn zones