For gathering wood, i've found planting lots of regular and mahogany trees around the farm works really well, just remember to actually clear those stumps after chopping or the trees won't come back - learned that one the hard way! The secret woods is pretty great too, you can get 12 hardwood every day from those big stumps once you've got your steel axe. Something interesting, if you're in year 1 robin sells wood for just 10g which isn't bad at all but heads up that jumps to 50g in year 2.

For stone gathering, i usually start with the early mine floors since they're packed with boulders, and bombs make it super quick if you've got them. The quarry is pretty decent too since everything respawns daily. Here's a neat trick i discovered - if you get some crystalariums going with jade, you can trade those for staircases at the desert trader on sundays, then break them down for 99 stone each which adds up really fast. Also, don't sleep on volcano dungeon - trust me theres tons of stones there though this is for late game.

One thing that's helped me a lot is focusing on this stuff during winter when there's no crops to worry about, and definitely check the tv for lucky days since you'll get better drops. Tree fertilizer is amazing too if you're trying to speed up wood production, works even in winter which is pretty sweet. Oh and if you're going for hardwood specifically, the forest farm layout gives you those extra daily stumps which is super convenient.